Nut and screw-bolt lock.



No. 875,168. PATENTED DEC. 31, 1907 A. D. GASTON. NUT AND scmsw BOLT LOCK.

APPLICATION FILEDMAY 10. 1905. RENEWED OCT. 5, 1906.

entrain snares Parisian @FFTQE.

ALANS ON D. GASTON,

OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

NUT AND scn'nw-som' LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 31, 1907.

Application filed May 10. 1905 Serial No. 259.747. Renewed October 5, 1906. Serial No. 337.626.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALANsON D. GAsTON a citizen of the United States, residing a Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Im provements in Nut and Screw-Bolt Locks, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to improvements in nut and screw bolt lock, and more particu larly to that type of lock which comprises a member designed to embrace a bolt and clamp itself in position to resist the normal tendency of a nut to become loose on said bolt. Heretofore, in devices of this charaeter it has been customary to provide a me tallic member, the spring quality of which was relied upon to maintain the same in place, it lfi ving' been sought in said devices to secure a firm grasp on'othe bolt by providing impingin teeth or ribs entering the Valley of the olt thread and engaging large y with-their sharper points, the base of said valley intermediate the projecting threads of the bolt, but these devices have, so faras I know, been ineffectual for the complete and satisfactory retention of the nut in its setposition.

The present invention is designed to overcome the ObJGOtlOIlS heretofore existing, and

=onsists primarily in a simple and economical structure which will maintain its grip on the threadof the bolt by a relatively extended engagement with the side surfaces of said thread, whereby to positively prevent retrograde movement of the nut on the bolt after the former has been set tion on the latter.

The invention comprohends a lock possessing the characteristics last mentioned provided with teeth on one or moreof its surto desired posifaces designed to impinge upon or bitev into.

the side surfaces of the thread; and further such teeth disposed to grip or hold on the thread with an increasing tendency.

The invention still further embraces a lock structurally fashioned to afford a relatively extended binding contact with the side surfaces of the thread, and also having provision for positively insuring and proportionately increasing the holding ment in accordance with the d applied in setting the same to lation with the nut.

Other highly desirable characteristics of a egroc of force operative re"- power of such engage l l I lock made in accordance with my invention reside in the fact that the same may be formed of a single piece of stock to constitute a unitary or integral device, thereby obviating the disadvantages inherent in all looks comprising a series of members or loosely associated parts movable or adjustable with respect to each other; and also, that the same is susceptible of application in any positionrelative to the l)Olt,"t. (2., on the end of the bolt outside the nut, or between the nut and the part to be clamped, or between the head of the bolt and the part to be clamped.

All of the foregoing as well as other novel features of practical embodiments of the invention will be apparent from the detailed de scription hereinafter contained, when read in connection. with the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, and wherein several convenient embodiments of the invention are illustrated. It is to be understood how ever, that the invention is not limited to the disclosures heroin made, as the same is susceptible of still other embodiments without departing from the general principles involvcd.

In the drawings, Figure l, is a side elevation of a bolt and nut showing one form of the lock applied; Fig. 2, is a longitudinal sectional view of the same; Fig. 3, is perspective view of the lock shown in the preceding lig-' ures Fig. 4-, is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, is a perspective view of another form of the look; Fig. 6, is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing in section an application of the lock last mentioned to secure a nut in place; Fig. 7, is across-sectional view of a third form of thelock; Figs. 8 and 9 are clevationsof the respective faces of the form of lock shown in Fig. 5; and Fig. 10, is a cross sectional view on ancnlarged scale of Fig. 9.

Referring more specifically to the drawings, and for the present with special referonce to the first four -views, thereof, in whiclr like reference characters refer to correspondingparts, A designates a bolt and B a com!- s1z e,,sh owi in Fig. 1, as positioned on amenibQI; or base A, and the nut being set up. Obviously it is necessary to 1llustrato.thc member or base A n a frag nentary manner C represents the nut lock which is conveniently of ring-shape, having its curved portions struck from a common center to form substantially segments of a circle.

plcmentary nut, both of ordinary "type and Q to a These segmental section's, designated at c are a proximately Vshaped in cross-section, t e tapering being inwardly and form"- It being understood that the inclinationof theside surfaces oithe lock extends from the inner edge to the extreme outer edge thereof whereby sharp or knife edge bearings c are provided, I have found that for some purposes that a lock made in keeping with asrnuch as the frictional engagement created.

incident to the varying inclinations of the thread and the inner edge of the lock is sup plemented by a bitin engagement between former'and'both the nut and .member'to be clamped or-secured, accordinglto the position I of application of the lock. '1 is form of lock is clearly illustrated in Fig. 7. However, I have found it convenient and expedient to score. or form the inolinedfaces of that'- shaped portions of the lock with a series of radiating biting teeth standin substantially atright angles to the surfaceso the ii-shaped portions and threads of the bolt; These teethare extended down to a point terminating at or near the apex of the V-s'haped portions and are so fashioned thatthey will have a hearing or positive enga ement'with the '40 inclined faces ofthe threacs of the bolt, as

shown in Fig. 2, thereby, when the nut lock is forced down forming, a direct on agementw and bite into the extended incline walls of the bolt thread.- This engagement-1s such as to prevent any tendency of the lock to move or turn on the bolt, and tomore effectually secure this result the lock is'made of tempered steel with a set as to shape so as to spring. against and closely hug the bolt. The inclination of the teeth on the side of the lock is in a direction opposite to thedirection of. turning on movement of the nut or bolt head, ,as the case may be, so that the result of the loosening tendency of the latter is to bring said teeth into greater biting engage ment therewith. 1

To enable mete form the lock of a minimuin thickness of material, while at the a. e time to'preserve adequate strength, the his vary somewhat in length, and alternate on bpposite sides so that the longer teeth on one side (those shown as extending entirely across the surface of the lock) aredirectly opposite the teeth of shorter length on the opposite side, (the latter being the teeth terentirely-across thesurfaces of thelock. '1

/ the surface of the material to be secured, or the surface of the bolt head or nut toconstitute an eccentrically arranged bearing which .whenbrought into forced operating relation to the other parts will tend totilt or sprin 1'.

.thedescription thus far given will snflice, 111-, the ring-shaped portion out of its M115;

said knife edges and the nut, or between the. The use of a single lug, is shown in Fi as, 5,"

' shaped member hatingan inolined yshaped avar ce minatingsomewhat. short oftheouter edge of the lock). By this arrangement ant forrn thickness and strength isfafiorded M1 enabling a more substantial body forniati from a given. thickness of materiai than would be the'case Where the teeth arson both sides of the same length and extended is clearly indicated in Figs. 3,.4, and 5 D is a laterallyaxially projecting offset or lug provided on its engaging edge with ajsrs ries of teeth or serrations d disposed. in a mamrershnilar to the teeth before defined,;.

adapted to be brought into engagement with position on the thread thereby securing a positive .bite or hold between diagonally op posits side surfaces ofthe member and the corresponding surfaces 0 the threads,

and 6, andin Figs. 1, 2 and 3, I have s own a, pair of them, oneat each side of the ring and at diagonally opposite points, where the. forcible binding action is substantially} the same as in the useof the single lug, bi i li Qe-ltie corresppndingly greater extent; g 1

Int e hereto appended claims wherein it make use of the expression .pro'ecting as tions extending from dia 'onaliy oppnsit portions of the ring I re or to the latter type of device jnstdescribed,"i. enthat .iihig g; trated in Figs. 1,2 and'3, wherein the biting projections extend frorn opposite faces of the} device and at points at opposite sides of the device whereby a-line drawn through said portion, themclination of'which is difi'eidh? from that of the inclinationjof the threads 0 1151 the bolt, said V-shaped portion having transverse teeth on its inclined face. p

2. The combination with a bolt, ofa'lockdesigned to embrace a part of the bolt, and havmg an inclined ortionfthe inciinatidn P20 of which is different 'rom that of the inciina tion of the threads of the bolt, and the said, inclined portion having transverse teeth on itsfiatface,

U 3. Alock consisting of iii-substantially rings p'ortiondesi ned to; enter bei'liii' e' en'"the threads. of t e bolt, the said inclined ifshaped portion having a series of transverse biting teeth arranged along its fiat side.

1a. biting projections will be diagonal with re 4. A look consisting of a substantially ringshaped member having an inclined V-shaped inner portion, a cutting edge, and a series of transversely arranged teeth on the inclined surface of the V-shaped portion. j

5. A look consisting of a substantially-ringshaped member having a substantially V- shaped inner edge formed with biting projections on its inclined fiat faces and the inclination of the \l-shaped edge being different from that of the threads of the bolt for which it is designed.

6. A nut lock comprising a substantially ring-shaped member having a substantially V-shaped inner edge formed with biting projections on its inclined flat faces, the ends of said ring-shaped member being united and the inclination of the V-shaped edge differing from that of the threads of the bolt for Which it is desired.

7. A look consisting of a substantially ringshaped member having an inclined substantially \l-shaped inner edge designed to enter between the threads of a bolt and provided with transverse teeth on one of its flat faces, and an axially projecting portion extending laterally relative to said ring-shaped member.

8. A look consisting of a substantially ringshaped member having an inclined substantially \l-shaped inner edge designed to enter between the threads of a bolt, and an outwardly projecting serrated portion extending laterally relative to said ring-shaped member.-

9. A lock consisting of a substantially ringshaped member having an inclined substantially \I-shaped inner edge designed to enter between the threads of a bolt, and an axially projecting portion at one side only of the inner face of said ring-shaped member and extending laterally relative thereto.

10. A lock consisting of a substantially ring-shaped member having an inclined sub stantially V-shaped inner edge designed to enter between the threads of a bolt and provided with transverse teeth, .and an outwardly projecting serrated. portion extending laterally relative to said ring-shaped member.

1.1. A lock consisting of a substantially ring-shaped member having a substantially V shaped inner edge desi med to enter between the threads of a bolt, and an axially projecting toothed portion extending laterally relative to said ring-shaped member.

12. A look comprising a substantially ringshapcd member having a substantially V- shaped inner edge designed to enter between the threads oi a bolt, and provided with transverse teeth, and an axially projecting portion extending laterally relative to said ring shaped member.

13. A look comprising a substantially ringof said. toothed member into engagement 'with the thread.

15. A look consisting of a toothed member adapted to engage the thread of a bolt, and a toothed offset portion arranged to force said toothed member into engagement with the thread.

16. A look consisting of a member having series of radial teeth adapted to engage the thread of a bolt, and an ofiset portion arranged to force said teeth into engagement with the thread.

17. A look consisting of a substantially ring-shaped member and an approximately axially projecting member extending from one side only of one of the surfaces of said ring-shaped member, substantially as and for the purpose described.

18. A look consisting'of a substantially ring-shaped member and an approximately axially projecting portion extending from one side only of one of the surfaces of said ring-sha ed member, said projecting portion having iting projections, substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

. 19. A look consisting of an approximately circular ring-shaped member of substantially uniform width throughout having a portion extending beyond the periphery of the remaining portion and an approximately axially disposed projection on'said peripher- I ally extended portion. g

20. A look consisting of an approximately circular ring-shaped member of substantially uniform width throughout having a portion extending beyond the periphery of the remaining portion and an approximately axially disposed projection on said peripherally extending portion, said projection having biting edges.

21. A look consisting of a continuous Iaingshaped member having a projecting portion extending from one side only of one of its side surfaces. I

22. A lock consisting of a continuous ringshaped member having a projection portion extending from one side only of one of its side surfaces, said projecting portion being provided with holding projections. a

23. A look consisting of a continuous ringshaped member having projecting portions extending from diagonally opposite portions of the ring, one of said projecting portions being arranged on each side of the device.

24. A lock consisting of a continuous ring- 25. Alock consisting shaped member having projecting portions extending from diagonally opposite portions and 0th of said projections being provided with biting edges. I I

' 26. A look consisting of a continuous'ringshaped member ha'ving teeth on one of its extending from diai'gonally opposite portions of the ring, one of said pro ecting-portions being arranged on-each side of the device,

and one of said projections being provided with biting edges.

f a continuous ringof the ring, one of said projecting portions b63111 arranged on each side of the device,

faces and a'projecting portion. 'ofiset from one of its sides, said projecting portion being I provided with hOIdingprojections.

r 27; A look consisting of a continuous ring- .shaped member having teeth onone of its vfaces and a projecting portion 'offset from in presence of two witnesses. v

one ofits sides,said projecting portion being 1 provided with holding projections.

.29. A look consisting of a continuous ringshape'd memberhaving teeth on one of its faces and holding projections extendin approximately axially fromone of the si es of the opposite surface thereof.

30. A. device of the class described comprising a bolt, a nut engaged upon the bolt,

Vance of the nut and adapted to be forced by I the nut into enga ement with'the member through which the olt is to be engaged; and two lugs formed upon the washer, one of the and a washer engaged upon the boltin adlugs being located upon one faceof the v washer and the" other upon the other face thereof and'at a point diametrically opposite to the first mentioned lug whereby the washer will be canted when the nut is screwed upon the bolt.

' In testimony whereof I affix my signature ALANSON n. GASTON; Witnesses: Jos. H. MILAN's,

\ EDWIN S. CLARKsoN. 

